Which Florida Insurers Draw the Most Disputes Per Claim They Handle

Between July 2025 and June 2026, Florida homeowners and their attorneys filed 36,084 notices of intent to initiate litigation against property insurers. Over the same twelve months, those same insurers reported opening 413,203 claims. That works out to 87.3 notices for every thousand claims opened statewide, or roughly one notice for every 11 claims.

The statewide figure is not the useful part. The useful part is that once you divide each carrier's notices by the claims that carrier actually opened, the order of the list changes almost completely. State Farm Florida drew more notices than any other carrier in the table, 4,701 of them, and it sits fourth by rate. Slide Insurance Company was second by raw count with 3,935 notices and sits 15th by rate. Universal Property & Casualty was third with 3,586 and sits 37th. Citizens Property Insurance Corporation was fourth with 3,363 and sits 45th. The big names on a raw count are largely the big names by claim volume. Once volume is divided out, a different set of carriers moves to the top, and several of them are small enough that most homeowners have never heard of them.

What the top and bottom of the stable range look like

Among carriers with a stable sample that are still writing business, the highest rate belongs to American Security Insurance Company: 1,043 notices against 4,268 claims opened, a rate of 244.4 per thousand, or about one notice for every 4 claims. Its 95% interval runs from 229.6 to 259.2, which is narrow enough that the figure is not an artifact of a small sample.

American Security needs a label before anyone reads anything into that number. It writes lender-placed coverage, the policy a mortgage servicer buys on a borrower's behalf when the borrower's own insurance lapses. Lender-placed business accounts for 99% of the claims opened on its book during the window. No homeowner on that book chose the carrier, the coverage is generally narrower than a voluntary homeowners policy, and the population of insureds is not comparable to a voluntary book. Its rows should be read against other lender-placed writers, not against the rest of the table. Of its 1,043 notices, 434 cite a denial, 184 cite an underpayment, and 8 cite a delay. Counting only the denial and underpayment allegations, the rate is 144.8 per thousand claims. Against an average book of 101,699 policies across the four quarters, it opened about 4.2 claims for every hundred policies and drew 10.3 notices per thousand policies.

The highest-rate carrier in the table that both writes a voluntary book and has a stable sample is State Farm Florida, at 197.9 per thousand claims, about one notice for every 5 claims, on 4,701 notices against 23,757 claims.

At the other end of the stable, still-writing range is Garrison Property and Casualty Insurance Company at 23.6 per thousand, 54 notices against 2,289 claims, roughly one notice for every 42 claims, with an interval of 17.3 to 29.9. The distance between those two ends is 10.4 times. Include every row in the table, thin samples and all, and the distance widens to 32.3 times, from 255.4 per thousand at the top to 7.9 per thousand at the bottom, the latter being about one notice for every 127 claims.

Every carrier for which this can be measured

Read each row this way. The rate column is notices filed during the window per thousand claims that carrier reported opening during the window. The 95% interval is the range the true rate plausibly occupies given the number of notices behind it; where two carriers' intervals overlap, this record does not separate them. The sample column says whether the carrier clears both the stable thresholds of 50 notices and 2,000 claims. The book column flags lender-placed writers, whose rows should not be read against voluntary ones. The policies column is the carrier's Florida book at the close of the window.

Why a rate is different from a count

A raw count of notices is mostly a measure of size. A carrier that writes hundreds of thousands of Florida policies and opens tens of thousands of claims in a year will collect more notices than a carrier writing a fraction of that, even if it handles every claim identically. Ranking by count therefore tells a homeowner very little that the carrier's market share does not already tell them.

Dividing by claims opened removes the size effect and leaves something closer to a question a homeowner can use: of the claims this carrier took in, how many reached the point where a policyholder formally announced an intent to sue. Universal Property & Casualty is the clearest illustration in the table. It opened 53,571 claims, more than any other carrier here except Citizens, and its 3,586 notices are near the top of the raw count. Divided out, its rate is 66.9 per thousand, below the statewide 87.3, and it sits 37th. Citizens shows the same pattern more sharply, with 69,766 claims opened and a rate of 48.2.

Dividing by policies instead would answer a different question again, one closer to how often a policy turns into a dispute in the first place, and it would fold in how often each book generates claims at all. That measure is reported separately on the scorecard.

Carriers with no computable rate

Fifteen carriers drew 1,038 notices between them during the window but do not report claim counts to the state, so no rate can be computed for them. They are listed here unrated, with their notice counts only, so that a homeowner researching one of them does not mistake absence from the ranked table for absence of disputes.

Frontline Insurance Unlimited Company, 288. State Farm Fire and Casualty Company, 73. Geovera Specialty Insurance Company, 71. Spinnaker Insurance Company, 69. National Fire & Marine Insurance Company, 65. Westchester Surplus Lines Insurance Company, 65. Scottsdale Insurance Company, 65. First Liberty Insurance Corporation, 62. Wright National Flood Insurance Company, 51. Surechoice Underwriters Reciprocal Exchange, 49. Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, 46. Topa Insurance Company, 43. Integon National Insurance Company, 37. American Zurich Insurance Company, 28. Kw Specialty Insurance Company, 26.

What this measure cannot tell you

A notice of intent to initiate litigation under section 627.70152, Florida Statutes is a required pre-suit step. It is an allegation made by a policyholder or their attorney. It is not a lawsuit, not a regulator's finding, and not evidence that the insurer did anything wrong. Nothing in this table establishes that any particular claim was wrongly denied, underpaid, or delayed. A high rate means a carrier's claims drew formal disputes more often relative to the claims it opened, and no more than that.

This is a period rate, not a cohort rate. The numerator counts notices filed during the window and the denominator counts claims opened during the same window, but they are not necessarily the same claims. A notice filed in March may concern a claim opened the previous year. Over a full twelve months the two populations track each other reasonably well, but a carrier whose claim volume moved sharply during the window will show a rate distorted by that movement.

Carriers write different books of business. One concentrated in older coastal roofs will see more disputed claims than one writing newer inland homes, independent of how well either handles a claim. Some of the spread in this table is claims handling and some of it is underwriting, and this measure alone cannot separate the two.

Inclusion is mechanical. Every carrier that reported at least 200 claims opened in the window and drew at least 10 notices is in the table. That is 64 carriers holding 95.6% of all notices filed in the window. The 15 unrated carriers above account for the notices that cannot be given a denominator. About 1.5% of notices carry no NAIC number at all and cannot be matched to any carrier.

Highest and lowest, in this article, mean highest and lowest among carriers with a stable sample that are still writing business. Rows with thin samples can and do sit above and below that range, and they are shown in the table rather than hidden. Rates built on few notices are uncertain, which is what the interval column is for. A rate resting on around 50 notices carries an interval roughly a quarter of its own size in each direction. A rate resting on around 10 notices carries one wide enough that the carrier cannot meaningfully be placed against its neighbors. Only 33 of the 64 carriers clear both 50 notices and 2,000 claims, the point at which two carriers can be compared directly.

Two carriers in run-off drew 390 notices during the window. They are reported separately and are not ranked. When a year of claims exceeds every policy a carrier still has on its books, those claims attach to exposure the carrier no longer carries, reported late on policies already cancelled as it wound down. The claims figure is not comparable to an active carrier's, and no rank against active carriers would mean anything.

Policy counts in the table are each carrier's book at the close of the window. Because some books moved sharply over the year, most visibly through Citizens depopulation, any rate that uses policies as a denominator is computed against the average book across the four quarters rather than the ending figure.

What to do with this

If you are shopping for coverage, use the rate column rather than the notice count, check whether the carrier's sample is stable, and check whether its interval overlaps the interval of the carrier you are comparing it to. If it does, this record does not distinguish them. If the row is labelled lender-placed, set it aside unless you are comparing it to another lender-placed writer.

If you already have a claim that has stalled, been denied, or been paid at a number that does not match the damage, your carrier's position in this table is context, not an answer. A carrier with a low dispute rate can still get your claim wrong, and a carrier with a high one may have handled yours correctly. What matters is the policy language, the adjuster's report, the scope of the estimate, and the deadlines running against you, several of which are short.

Louis Law Group offers a free claim review of your policy and your claim file. The underlying data for every carrier here, including the per-policy measures and the run-off and unrated rows, is on the scorecard.